When a species diverges into two separate species, the closely resembling but non-identical copies of the ancestral gene present in the new species are called 'orthologous' genes. Orthologous genes provide important clues to the genetic evolution of species. Recently, by analyzing certain protein-coding genes that were earlier considered orthologous among frogs and mammals, a team of researchers has unraveled fresh details of vertebrate evolution, giving new insights into the phylogenetic tree.
More...