serverguy doing big post test
Help us provide free content to the world by donating today!
Fauna
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
For other uses, see fauna (disambiguation).
Simplified schematic of an island's fauna - all its animal species, highlighted in boxes.
Fauna is all of the animal life of any particular region or time. The corresponding term for plants is flora.
Zoologists and paleontologists use fauna to refer to a typical collection of animals found in a specific time or place, e.g. the "Sonoran Desert fauna" or the "Burgess shale fauna".
Paleontologists sometimes refer to a sequence of faunal stages, which is a series of rocks all containing similar fossils.
The name comes from Fauna, a Roman fertility and earth goddess, the Roman god Faunus, and the related forest spirits called Fauns. All three words are cognates of the name of the Greek god Pan, and panis is the Greek equivalent of fauna. Fauna is also the word for a book that catalogues the animals in such a manner. The term was first used by Linnaeus in the title of his 1747 work Fauna Suecica.
Contents
[hide]
* 1 Subdivisions of fauna
o 1.1 Infauna
o 1.2 Macrofauna
o 1.3 Megafauna
o 1.4 Meiofauna
o 1.5 Mesofauna
o 1.6 Microfauna
o 1.7 Other
* 2 Fauna treatises
o 2.1 Classic faunas
* 3 References
* 4 See also
[edit] Subdivisions of fauna
[edit] Infauna
Infauna are aquatic animals that live within the bottom substratum rather than on its surface. Bacteria and microalgae may also live in the interstices of bottom sediments. On average, infaunal animals become progressively rarer with increasing water depth and distance from shore, whereas bacteria show more constancy in abundance, tending toward one billion cells per milliliter of interstitial seawater.
[edit] Macrofauna
Macrofauna are benthic or soil organisms which are at least one millimeter in length.
[edit] Megafauna
Main article: Megafauna
Megafauna are large animals of any particular region or time. For example, Australian megafauna.
[edit] Meiofauna
Meiofauna are small benthic invertebrates that live in both marine and fresh water environments. The term Meiofauna loosely defines a group of organisms by their size, larger than microfauna but smaller than macrofauna, rather than a taxonomic grouping. One environment for meiofauna is between grains of damp sand (see Mystacocarida).
In practice these are metazoan animals that can pass unharmed through a 0.5 – 1 mm mesh but will be retained by a 30 – 45 μm mesh,[1] but the exact dimensions will vary from researcher to researcher. Whether an organism passes through a 1 mm mesh also depends upon whether it is alive or dead.
[edit] Mesofauna
Mesofauna are macroscopic soil invertebrates such as arthropods, earthworms, and nematodes.
[edit] Microfauna
Main article: Microfauna
Microfauna are microscopic or very small animals (usually including protozoans and very small animals such as rotifers).
[edit] Other
Other terms include avifauna, which means "bird fauna" and piscifauna (or ichthyofauna), which means "fish fauna".
[edit] Fauna treatises
[edit] Classic faunas
* Linnaeus, Carolus. Fauna Suecica. 1746
[edit] References
1. ^ http://www.iopan.gda.pl/rbdo/mekodb/litus/meiofauna.html}Meiofauna
[edit] See also
* Animal
* Biome
* Flora
* Fauna and Flora Preservation Society
* Gene pool
* Genetic pollution
* Genetic erosion
* Sustainability
* Biodiversity
* Ecology
* Ecosystem
* Earth Science
* Natural environment
* Nature
* Environmental movement
Sister project Look up fauna in
Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
Environment portal
Ecology portal
Earth_sciences portal
Sustainable development portal
[show]
v • d • e
Elements of Nature
Earth
History of the Earth · Earth science · Structure of the Earth · Plate tectonics · Geological history of Earth · Geology
Weather
Climate · Earth's atmosphere
Life
Biosphere · Origin of life · Life on Earth · Virus · Microbe · Flora · Plants · Fungi · Fauna · Animals · Biology · Evolutionary history of life Protista
Environment
Wilderness · Ecology · Ecosystem
Universe
Matter · Energy · Outer space · Time
Category · Portal
[show]
v • d • e
Fauna of Africa
Sovereign states
Algeria · Angola · Benin · Botswana · Burkina Faso · Burundi · Cameroon · Cape Verde · Central African Republic · Chad · Comoros · Democratic Republic of the Congo · Republic of the Congo · Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast) · Djibouti · Egypt1 · Equatorial Guinea · Eritrea · Ethiopia · Gabon · The Gambia · Ghana · Guinea · Guinea-Bissau · Kenya · Lesotho · Liberia · Libya · Madagascar · Malawi · Mali · Mauritania · Mauritius · Morocco · Mozambique · Namibia · Niger · Nigeria · Rwanda · São Tomé and Príncipe · Senegal · Seychelles · Sierra Leone · Somalia · South Africa · Sudan · Swaziland · Tanzania · Togo · Tunisia · Uganda · Zambia · Zimbabwe
Dependencies,
autonomies,
other territories
Canary Islands / Ceuta / Melilla (Spain) · Madeira (Portugal) · Mayotte / Réunion (France) · Puntland · St. Helena (UK) · Socotra (Yemen) · Somaliland · Southern Sudan · Western Sahara · Zanzibar (Tanzania)
Italics indicate an unrecognised or partially recognised country. 1 Transcontinental country.
[show]
v • d • e
Fauna of Asia
Sovereign
states
Afghanistan · Armenia1 · Azerbaijan1 · Bahrain · Bangladesh · Bhutan · Brunei · Burma2 · Cambodia · People's Republic of China · Cyprus1 · East Timor3 · Egypt4 · Georgia4 · India · Indonesia · Iran · Iraq · Israel · Japan · Jordan · Kazakhstan4 · North Korea · South Korea · Kuwait · Kyrgyzstan · Laos · Lebanon · Malaysia · Maldives · Mongolia · Nepal · Oman · Pakistan · Philippines · Qatar · Russia4 · Saudi Arabia · Singapore · Sri Lanka · Syria · Tajikistan · Republic of China5 · Thailand · Turkey4 · Turkmenistan · United Arab Emirates · Uzbekistan · Vietnam · Yemen
Dependencies,
autonomies,
other territories
Aceh · Adjara1 · Abkhazia1 · Akrotiri and Dhekelia · Altai · British Indian Ocean Territory · Buryatia · Christmas Island · Cocos (Keeling) Islands · Guangxi · Hong Kong · Inner Mongolia · Iraqi Kurdistan · Jakarta · Khakassia · Macau · Nagorno-Karabakh · Nakhchivan · Ningxia · Northern Cyprus · Palestine (Gaza Strip · West Bank) · Papua · Sakha · South Ossetia1 · Tibet · Tuva · West Papua · Xinjiang · Yogyakarta
Italics indicates an unrecognised or partially recognised country. 1 Sometimes included in Europe, depending on the border definitions. 2 Officially known as Myanmar. 3 Sometimes included in Oceania, and also known as Timor-Leste. 4 Transcontinental country. 5 Commonly known as Taiwan.
[show]
v • d • e
Fauna of Europe
Sovereign
states
Albania · Andorra · Armenia1 · Austria · Azerbaijan2 · Belarus · Belgium · Bosnia and Herzegovina · Bulgaria · Croatia · Cyprus1 · Czech Republic · Denmark · Estonia · Finland · France · Georgia2 · Germany · Greece · Hungary · Iceland · Ireland · Italy · Kazakhstan3 · Latvia · Liechtenstein · Lithuania · Luxembourg · Republic of Macedonia · Malta · Moldova · Monaco · Montenegro · Netherlands · Norway · Poland · Portugal · Romania · Russia3 · San Marino · Serbia · Slovakia · Slovenia · Spain · Sweden · Switzerland · Turkey3 · Ukraine · United Kingdom (Great Britain • England • Northern Ireland • Scotland • Wales)
Other
EU · Council of Europe · SMOM
Dependencies,
autonomies,
other territories
Abkhazia 2 · Adjara1 · Adygea · Akrotiri and Dhekelia · Åland · Azores · Bashkortostan · Catalonia · Chechnya · Chuvashia · Crimea · Dagestan · Faroe Islands · Gagauzia · Gibraltar · Guernsey · Ingushetia · Jan Mayen · Jersey · Kabardino-Balkaria · Kalmykia · Karachay-Cherkessia · Republic of Karelia · Komi Republic · Kosovo · Madeira · Isle of Man · Mari El · Mordovia · Nagorno-Karabakh1 · Nakhchivan1 · North Ossetia-Alania · Northern Cyprus1 · South Ossetia 2 · Svalbard · Tatarstan · Transnistria · Udmurtia · Vojvodina
Italics indicates an unrecognised or partially recognised country. 1 Entirely in Asia, but historically considered European. 2 Partially or entirely in Asia, depending on the border definitions. 3 Transcontinental country.
[show]
v • d • e
Fauna of Oceania
Sovereign states
Australia · East Timor1 · Fiji · Indonesia1 · Kiribati · Papua New Guinea · Marshall Islands · Federated States of Micronesia · Nauru · New Zealand · Palau · Samoa · Solomon Islands · Tonga · Tuvalu · Vanuatu
Dependencies and
other territories
American Samoa · Christmas Island · Cocos (Keeling) Islands · Cook Islands · French Polynesia · Guam · Hawaii · New Caledonia · Niue · Norfolk Island · Northern Mariana Islands · Pitcairn Islands · Tokelau · Wallis and Futuna
1 Transcontinental country.
[show]
v • d • e
Fauna of North America
Sovereign states
Antigua and Barbuda · Bahamas · Barbados · Belize · Canada · Costa Rica · Cuba · Dominica · Dominican Republic · El Salvador · Grenada · Guatemala · Haiti · Honduras · Jamaica · Mexico · Nicaragua · Panama1 · Saint Kitts and Nevis · Saint Lucia · Saint Vincent and the Grenadines · Trinidad and Tobago1 · United States
The North American continent with country borders
Dependencies and
other territories
Anguilla · Aruba1 · Bermuda · British Virgin Islands · Cayman Islands · Greenland · Guadeloupe · Martinique · Montserrat · Netherlands Antilles1 · Puerto Rico · Saint Barthélemy · Saint Martin · Saint Pierre and Miquelon · Turks and Caicos Islands · United States Virgin Islands
1 Territories also in or commonly considered to be part of South America.
[show]
v • d • e
Fauna of South America
Sovereign states
Argentina · Bolivia · Brazil · Chile · Colombia · Ecuador · Guyana · Panama1 · Paraguay · Peru · Suriname · Trinidad and Tobago1 · Uruguay · Venezuela
Dependencies
Aruba1 / Netherlands Antilles1 (Netherlands) · Falkland Islands / South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (UK) 2 / French Guiana (France)
1 Territories also in or commonly considered to be part of North America and/or Central America. 2 Territories also in or commonly considered to be part of Antarctica.
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna"
Categories: Animals | Ecological definitions
Views
* Article
* Discussion
* Edit this page
* History
Personal tools
* Log in / create account
Navigation
* Main page
* Contents
* Featured content
* Current events
* Random article
Search
Interaction
* About Wikipedia
* Community portal
* Recent changes
* Contact Wikipedia
* Donate to Wikipedia
* Help
Toolbox
* What links here
* Related changes
* Upload file
* Special pages
* Printable version
* Permanent link
* Cite this page
Languages
* Bosanski
* Brezhoneg
* Català
* Česky
* Dansk
* Deutsch
* Eesti
* Ελληνικά
* Español
* Esperanto
* Français
* Hrvatski
* Bahasa Indonesia
* Íslenska
* Italiano
* עברית
* Latviešu
* Lëtzebuergesch
* Bahasa Melayu
* Nederlands
* 日本語
* Norsk (bokmål)
* Occitan
* Polski
* Português
* Română
* Русский
* Simple English
* Slovenčina
* Svenska
* Türkçe
* Українська
* 中文
Powered by MediaWiki
Wikimedia Foundation
* This page was last modified on 19 April 2009, at 01:43 (UTC).
* All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License. (See Copyrights for details.)
Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a U.S. registered 501(c)(3) tax-deductible nonprofit charity.
* Privacy policy
* About Wikipedia
* Disclaimers
Help us provide free content to the world by donating today!
Fauna
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
For other uses, see fauna (disambiguation).
Simplified schematic of an island's fauna - all its animal species, highlighted in boxes.
Fauna is all of the animal life of any particular region or time. The corresponding term for plants is flora.
Zoologists and paleontologists use fauna to refer to a typical collection of animals found in a specific time or place, e.g. the "Sonoran Desert fauna" or the "Burgess shale fauna".
Paleontologists sometimes refer to a sequence of faunal stages, which is a series of rocks all containing similar fossils.
The name comes from Fauna, a Roman fertility and earth goddess, the Roman god Faunus, and the related forest spirits called Fauns. All three words are cognates of the name of the Greek god Pan, and panis is the Greek equivalent of fauna. Fauna is also the word for a book that catalogues the animals in such a manner. The term was first used by Linnaeus in the title of his 1747 work Fauna Suecica.
Contents
[hide]
* 1 Subdivisions of fauna
o 1.1 Infauna
o 1.2 Macrofauna
o 1.3 Megafauna
o 1.4 Meiofauna
o 1.5 Mesofauna
o 1.6 Microfauna
o 1.7 Other
* 2 Fauna treatises
o 2.1 Classic faunas
* 3 References
* 4 See also
[edit] Subdivisions of fauna
[edit] Infauna
Infauna are aquatic animals that live within the bottom substratum rather than on its surface. Bacteria and microalgae may also live in the interstices of bottom sediments. On average, infaunal animals become progressively rarer with increasing water depth and distance from shore, whereas bacteria show more constancy in abundance, tending toward one billion cells per milliliter of interstitial seawater.
[edit] Macrofauna
Macrofauna are benthic or soil organisms which are at least one millimeter in length.
[edit] Megafauna
Main article: Megafauna
Megafauna are large animals of any particular region or time. For example, Australian megafauna.
[edit] Meiofauna
Meiofauna are small benthic invertebrates that live in both marine and fresh water environments. The term Meiofauna loosely defines a group of organisms by their size, larger than microfauna but smaller than macrofauna, rather than a taxonomic grouping. One environment for meiofauna is between grains of damp sand (see Mystacocarida).
In practice these are metazoan animals that can pass unharmed through a 0.5 – 1 mm mesh but will be retained by a 30 – 45 μm mesh,[1] but the exact dimensions will vary from researcher to researcher. Whether an organism passes through a 1 mm mesh also depends upon whether it is alive or dead.
[edit] Mesofauna
Mesofauna are macroscopic soil invertebrates such as arthropods, earthworms, and nematodes.
[edit] Microfauna
Main article: Microfauna
Microfauna are microscopic or very small animals (usually including protozoans and very small animals such as rotifers).
[edit] Other
Other terms include avifauna, which means "bird fauna" and piscifauna (or ichthyofauna), which means "fish fauna".
[edit] Fauna treatises
[edit] Classic faunas
* Linnaeus, Carolus. Fauna Suecica. 1746
[edit] References
1. ^ http://www.iopan.gda.pl/rbdo/mekodb/litus/meiofauna.html}Meiofauna
[edit] See also
* Animal
* Biome
* Flora
* Fauna and Flora Preservation Society
* Gene pool
* Genetic pollution
* Genetic erosion
* Sustainability
* Biodiversity
* Ecology
* Ecosystem
* Earth Science
* Natural environment
* Nature
* Environmental movement
Sister project Look up fauna in
Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
Environment portal
Ecology portal
Earth_sciences portal
Sustainable development portal
[show]
v • d • e
Elements of Nature
Earth
History of the Earth · Earth science · Structure of the Earth · Plate tectonics · Geological history of Earth · Geology
Weather
Climate · Earth's atmosphere
Life
Biosphere · Origin of life · Life on Earth · Virus · Microbe · Flora · Plants · Fungi · Fauna · Animals · Biology · Evolutionary history of life Protista
Environment
Wilderness · Ecology · Ecosystem
Universe
Matter · Energy · Outer space · Time
Category · Portal
[show]
v • d • e
Fauna of Africa
Sovereign states
Algeria · Angola · Benin · Botswana · Burkina Faso · Burundi · Cameroon · Cape Verde · Central African Republic · Chad · Comoros · Democratic Republic of the Congo · Republic of the Congo · Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast) · Djibouti · Egypt1 · Equatorial Guinea · Eritrea · Ethiopia · Gabon · The Gambia · Ghana · Guinea · Guinea-Bissau · Kenya · Lesotho · Liberia · Libya · Madagascar · Malawi · Mali · Mauritania · Mauritius · Morocco · Mozambique · Namibia · Niger · Nigeria · Rwanda · São Tomé and Príncipe · Senegal · Seychelles · Sierra Leone · Somalia · South Africa · Sudan · Swaziland · Tanzania · Togo · Tunisia · Uganda · Zambia · Zimbabwe
Dependencies,
autonomies,
other territories
Canary Islands / Ceuta / Melilla (Spain) · Madeira (Portugal) · Mayotte / Réunion (France) · Puntland · St. Helena (UK) · Socotra (Yemen) · Somaliland · Southern Sudan · Western Sahara · Zanzibar (Tanzania)
Italics indicate an unrecognised or partially recognised country. 1 Transcontinental country.
[show]
v • d • e
Fauna of Asia
Sovereign
states
Afghanistan · Armenia1 · Azerbaijan1 · Bahrain · Bangladesh · Bhutan · Brunei · Burma2 · Cambodia · People's Republic of China · Cyprus1 · East Timor3 · Egypt4 · Georgia4 · India · Indonesia · Iran · Iraq · Israel · Japan · Jordan · Kazakhstan4 · North Korea · South Korea · Kuwait · Kyrgyzstan · Laos · Lebanon · Malaysia · Maldives · Mongolia · Nepal · Oman · Pakistan · Philippines · Qatar · Russia4 · Saudi Arabia · Singapore · Sri Lanka · Syria · Tajikistan · Republic of China5 · Thailand · Turkey4 · Turkmenistan · United Arab Emirates · Uzbekistan · Vietnam · Yemen
Dependencies,
autonomies,
other territories
Aceh · Adjara1 · Abkhazia1 · Akrotiri and Dhekelia · Altai · British Indian Ocean Territory · Buryatia · Christmas Island · Cocos (Keeling) Islands · Guangxi · Hong Kong · Inner Mongolia · Iraqi Kurdistan · Jakarta · Khakassia · Macau · Nagorno-Karabakh · Nakhchivan · Ningxia · Northern Cyprus · Palestine (Gaza Strip · West Bank) · Papua · Sakha · South Ossetia1 · Tibet · Tuva · West Papua · Xinjiang · Yogyakarta
Italics indicates an unrecognised or partially recognised country. 1 Sometimes included in Europe, depending on the border definitions. 2 Officially known as Myanmar. 3 Sometimes included in Oceania, and also known as Timor-Leste. 4 Transcontinental country. 5 Commonly known as Taiwan.
[show]
v • d • e
Fauna of Europe
Sovereign
states
Albania · Andorra · Armenia1 · Austria · Azerbaijan2 · Belarus · Belgium · Bosnia and Herzegovina · Bulgaria · Croatia · Cyprus1 · Czech Republic · Denmark · Estonia · Finland · France · Georgia2 · Germany · Greece · Hungary · Iceland · Ireland · Italy · Kazakhstan3 · Latvia · Liechtenstein · Lithuania · Luxembourg · Republic of Macedonia · Malta · Moldova · Monaco · Montenegro · Netherlands · Norway · Poland · Portugal · Romania · Russia3 · San Marino · Serbia · Slovakia · Slovenia · Spain · Sweden · Switzerland · Turkey3 · Ukraine · United Kingdom (Great Britain • England • Northern Ireland • Scotland • Wales)
Other
EU · Council of Europe · SMOM
Dependencies,
autonomies,
other territories
Abkhazia 2 · Adjara1 · Adygea · Akrotiri and Dhekelia · Åland · Azores · Bashkortostan · Catalonia · Chechnya · Chuvashia · Crimea · Dagestan · Faroe Islands · Gagauzia · Gibraltar · Guernsey · Ingushetia · Jan Mayen · Jersey · Kabardino-Balkaria · Kalmykia · Karachay-Cherkessia · Republic of Karelia · Komi Republic · Kosovo · Madeira · Isle of Man · Mari El · Mordovia · Nagorno-Karabakh1 · Nakhchivan1 · North Ossetia-Alania · Northern Cyprus1 · South Ossetia 2 · Svalbard · Tatarstan · Transnistria · Udmurtia · Vojvodina
Italics indicates an unrecognised or partially recognised country. 1 Entirely in Asia, but historically considered European. 2 Partially or entirely in Asia, depending on the border definitions. 3 Transcontinental country.
[show]
v • d • e
Fauna of Oceania
Sovereign states
Australia · East Timor1 · Fiji · Indonesia1 · Kiribati · Papua New Guinea · Marshall Islands · Federated States of Micronesia · Nauru · New Zealand · Palau · Samoa · Solomon Islands · Tonga · Tuvalu · Vanuatu
Dependencies and
other territories
American Samoa · Christmas Island · Cocos (Keeling) Islands · Cook Islands · French Polynesia · Guam · Hawaii · New Caledonia · Niue · Norfolk Island · Northern Mariana Islands · Pitcairn Islands · Tokelau · Wallis and Futuna
1 Transcontinental country.
[show]
v • d • e
Fauna of North America
Sovereign states
Antigua and Barbuda · Bahamas · Barbados · Belize · Canada · Costa Rica · Cuba · Dominica · Dominican Republic · El Salvador · Grenada · Guatemala · Haiti · Honduras · Jamaica · Mexico · Nicaragua · Panama1 · Saint Kitts and Nevis · Saint Lucia · Saint Vincent and the Grenadines · Trinidad and Tobago1 · United States
The North American continent with country borders
Dependencies and
other territories
Anguilla · Aruba1 · Bermuda · British Virgin Islands · Cayman Islands · Greenland · Guadeloupe · Martinique · Montserrat · Netherlands Antilles1 · Puerto Rico · Saint Barthélemy · Saint Martin · Saint Pierre and Miquelon · Turks and Caicos Islands · United States Virgin Islands
1 Territories also in or commonly considered to be part of South America.
[show]
v • d • e
Fauna of South America
Sovereign states
Argentina · Bolivia · Brazil · Chile · Colombia · Ecuador · Guyana · Panama1 · Paraguay · Peru · Suriname · Trinidad and Tobago1 · Uruguay · Venezuela
Dependencies
Aruba1 / Netherlands Antilles1 (Netherlands) · Falkland Islands / South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (UK) 2 / French Guiana (France)
1 Territories also in or commonly considered to be part of North America and/or Central America. 2 Territories also in or commonly considered to be part of Antarctica.
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna"
Categories: Animals | Ecological definitions
Views
* Article
* Discussion
* Edit this page
* History
Personal tools
* Log in / create account
Navigation
* Main page
* Contents
* Featured content
* Current events
* Random article
Search
Interaction
* About Wikipedia
* Community portal
* Recent changes
* Contact Wikipedia
* Donate to Wikipedia
* Help
Toolbox
* What links here
* Related changes
* Upload file
* Special pages
* Printable version
* Permanent link
* Cite this page
Languages
* Bosanski
* Brezhoneg
* Català
* Česky
* Dansk
* Deutsch
* Eesti
* Ελληνικά
* Español
* Esperanto
* Français
* Hrvatski
* Bahasa Indonesia
* Íslenska
* Italiano
* עברית
* Latviešu
* Lëtzebuergesch
* Bahasa Melayu
* Nederlands
* 日本語
* Norsk (bokmål)
* Occitan
* Polski
* Português
* Română
* Русский
* Simple English
* Slovenčina
* Svenska
* Türkçe
* Українська
* 中文
Powered by MediaWiki
Wikimedia Foundation
* This page was last modified on 19 April 2009, at 01:43 (UTC).
* All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License. (See Copyrights for details.)
Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a U.S. registered 501(c)(3) tax-deductible nonprofit charity.
* Privacy policy
* About Wikipedia
* Disclaimers