Ghi Reptiles
Home of the 'Red Hots'
I may have missed it but did the labwork get back yet?
phoerner said:I bought a Het Pied male
I never got any documents for my animal after several emails, phone calls!
Wyatt said:12-02-2007
Dennis, No fixing to work on those and fix some BS that my ex partner caused..
Transmission most likely occurs by virus being expelled into the air as droplets from the respiratory system. Virus gaining access to water bowls and pools of water may persist for considerable periods of time. Transmission of virus via the digestive tract through feces is also a possibility. Although transovarian or transuterine transmission has not been firmly established, this may also be involved in the spread of the virus.
According to reports in the literature and our recent experience with epizootics in private collections, once snakes start dying of OPMV infection, the mortality within a collection generally progresses fairly rapidly and peaks at about one month following initial deaths. It then declines through 2-3 months.
Cages of ill snakes should be cleaned and completely disinfected with a solution of 0.15% sodium hypochlorite. Chlorox is 5.25% sodium hypochlorite; a 1:33 dilution can be used. Cages should remain empty for at least 2 weeks before introduction new animals. Additionally, as a rule, new snakes should not be introduced into a colony of snakes in which there is active OPMV infection. Minimally, 2 months should lapse following the last death from OPMV before introducing new animals. Needless to say, ill snakes should be removed from the collection and placed in a quarantine room.
Initially Pseudomonas and Aeromonas were isolated from the respiratory tract of dead snakes and the disease was originally thought to be bacterial in origin. Eventually a virus with morphological and biochemical properties of certain myxoviruses was isolated and was tentatively placed in the paramyxovirus subgroup.
In the original epizootic involving fer-de-lance, clinical signs lasted 5 to 12 days and progressed through 4 stages. During stage 1 there was a loss of muscle tone, with affected snakes exhibiting a "stretched out" linear posture with the head slightly elevated. During stage 2, which lasted 1 to 2 days, snakes showed abnormal activity. Affected snakes crawled about restlessly and kept their mouths partially opened. Their tongues were incompletely withdrawn into the sheathes and their pupils were extremely dilated. Stage 3 was seen from several hours to one day preceding death. The mouth was kept completely open and the snakes expelled a purulent material from the glottis. Stage 4 was seen from several minutes to one hour preceding death. The mouth was kept fully opened, the pupils were dilated, and animals were excessively active.
In those snakes seen in the terminal stages of the disease, immediately preceding death, these animals generally manifest a convulsive behavior. This should not be confused with primary central nervous system disease described in rock rattlesnakes. These are agonal signs and are rather non-specific. Snakes may twist around, become flaccid and quiet for a period of time, and initiate these death-throws all over again.
In many of the outbreaks on OPMV infection, minimal or no clinical signs are noted by the keeper/owner. Often snakes will be found dead in their cage early in the morning, having died the night before. Many of these snakes appear to be in good health with good weight and normal behavior prior to death. Clinical signs can be subtle or non-specific such as off feed for one to two weeks. Although clinical signs in the earlier stages of the disease are often subtle, abnormal respiratory sounds are audible when ill snakes are manually restrained. If the oral cavity is examined, exudate may be seen within the glottal opening. Some snakes die with blood expelled from the glottis and filling the oral cavity (Figure2). In a group of Siamese cobras (Naja naja kaouthia), the major consistent clinical signs was polyuria (increased urination). These snakes became ill during a die-off of rattlesnakes in the same room; paramyxovirus was isolated from dead rattlesnakes.
It is the respiratory system that appears to be targeted by OPMV infections. Gross changes ranged from diffuse hemorrhage of the lung and air sac system to diffuse to focal accumulations of caseous necrotic cellular debris (Figure 3). Other organs which may be involved on a gross level are the pancreas and liver. Pancreatic hyperplasia is not uncommonly encountered in infected crotalid snakes. The authors have seen this quite commonly in timber rattlesnakes, Crotalus horridus. In the liver, areas of necrosis and formation of multifocal firm nodules (granulomas) may be seen.
The pulmonary septa are often thickened with edema fluid and infiltrated with mixed inflammatory cells including macrophages, lymphocytes, and plasma cells; giant cells are occasionally seen.
There is no specific treatment for snakes showing clinical signs of OPMV infection. Since most affected snakes die with severe gram-negative respiratory tract infections, treating ill snakes with appropriate antibiotics is indicated.
In the liver, lesions range from areas of caseation necrosis to granuloma formation. By special staining, gram-negative microorganisms are often demonstrated in these lesions. A variety of bacterial organisms have been isolated from these lesions with Pseudomonas spp. being the most common isolates. Bacterial organisms can invade the liver either from showering of bacteria from the gastrointestinal tract or from secondary bacterial invaders in the respiratory tract. Paramyxoviruses in mammals are known to have immunosuppressive effects and most likely results in a compromised immune system in snakes. Thus, it is not surprising that these snakes often succumb to secondary bacterial pathogens.
As in mammals, a positive titer is simply indicative of exposure to OPMV. Based upon a single sample, it would be impossible to make a statement about presence of virus and shedding status. If 2 samples are obtained form the same animal at a 2-4 week interval, and a rising titer can be demonstrated, this would be supportive evidence for recent OPMV infection.
ToshaMc said:it's likely possible that after handling the het - she then spread it through the rest of the collection.
John Q Reptiles said:Jen, if the vet research indicates "OPMV" and if "the symptoms/stages/timelines are identical" to what is "written about it in the latest Mader book", do you have any more information about the source? Was this lurking in your collection and spread due to poor quarantine or does the research from your vet and information in the Mader book indicate that it came in with the snake from Wyatt?
John Quinones
AKA John Q
John Q Reptiles
Although OPMV infections have occurred throughout the year, in many cases, epizootics have been experienced from January to May. Replication of the vitrus in vitro has been demonstrated to be temperature-dependent with an optimum temperature for growth at 30°C and a range of temperature for growth of 23°C to 32°C. Thus, possibly a latent infection may become activated if snakes are kept at suboptimal environmental temperatures.
ToshaMc said:OPMV is much like IBD in many ways - including symptoms - Jen since you specifically said in one of your posts that it didn't look like IBD nor have you ever mentioned tremors or star gazing, nor did you mention any lesions being present in the necropsy it likely isn't OPMV.
In many of the outbreaks on OPMV infection, minimal or no clinical signs are noted by the keeper/owner. Often snakes will be found dead in their cage early in the morning, having died the night before.
Cat_72 said:Also from the article Jen noted:
How long was that het in transit, and how "suboptimal" were its temps?
JenHarrison said:Mike, it may be important to mention that 2 of your snakes came down with it as well and passed away despite treatment, before the carrier seemed to get better. My hope is that he's completely better and not just in a dormant pattern, waiting to come down with it again.
As for me, I have lost 11 animals thus far, have 4 more sick ones and 7 healthy-appearing ones. Despite all what has happened and not having been bred since way back in October, 3 of my females continued with the breeding process (ovulation, shedding) and are gravid. One is healthy, 2 are very sick. Until we know what we're dealing with, I don't know yet if the eggs from the sick females will have to be destroyed. If so...well, that's just more loss. All animals were given Colombovac (healthy and sick), the sick ones are being treated with yet another different treatment of double antibiotics to try to keep them alive. Odds are it won't do much. We euthanized 2 sick females to get fresh samples to send to Dr. Jacobsen at the lab in Florida, he expects to have results by this week or next week.
Mar 30, 2008 2:58 PM Flag as Spam or Report Abuse [?]
Subject: sick snakes in texas
Hi,
I am sorry to hear about everything you've been through. I have great concerns now about my collection. I am a veterinarian in Colorado, and have a ball collection. I recently bought a snake from Texas, and now it has pneumonia, as does the male it was put with. I am obviously concerned about the rest of my collection. Could you please tell me who it was you got your snake from? Thank you.
Dr. Jason Brodnik
303-903-6603
dr. jay@hotmail. com
Apr 2, 2008 3:50 AM
RE: sick snakes in texas
I bought the carrier snake from Damian Wyatt, who formerly owned TW International. He has sold/traded to many people in Texas and Oklahoma, so I wouldn't be surprised if he infected others. If you'd like to talk to my vet, I'm sure he'd be more than willing to share what we went through, what the symptoms were, what treatments we tried, what tests we did, etc. He has been in contact with vets all over the country to try to get this figured out and share what we've found, so others can be prepared. I'm sure he'd like to speak to another colleague. His name is Dr. Mark Gordon at the Fitchburg Veterinary Hospital. Their number is (608) 271 - 4212. I think he's off work on Wednesdays but will be there Thursday. I haven't been updating my MySpace blog, so if you want to keep up, visit my website blog. The newest developements are there.
www. pinkladyconstrictors. com
Click on "Journal".
Apr 2, 2008 10:27 AM
RE: sick snakes in texas
Thank you. Can you confirm that their email is cat_fish82@yahoo. com ? I thought the people I bought from were named Kristin and Wyatt, but maybe that's the first and last name?
Apr 2, 2008 4:24 PM
RE: sick snakes in texas
Yes, that is his second e-mail -- his other one is [email protected] . Kristin is his girlfriend/wife -- Wyatt is the guy, and that is his last name, which he goes by legally. I can't believe thatis still selling snakes. Have you posted this on the BOI? You STRONGLY need to do that -- I have my ordeal posted there and one other person came forward with sick snakes from him -- having you (a veterinarian) as a third person who now has sick snakes from this loser, would seal his fate. PLEASE go post there -- it is going to help all of us that he screwed.
http://www.faunaclassifieds.com/forums/showthread.php?t=105621
Apr 2, 2008 6:38 PM
RE: sick snakes in texas
Hi,
Thank you. I have sent him an email asking him to respond to this. I have cultured the secretions, and submitted a paramyxovirus titer. No improvement, and but still only one other snake is sick. Do you know the name of the other individual who purchased a paramyxo snake from him? Where should I post this, on the ball forum? This was his email yesterday, which he says he has no sick ones but admits to having treating resp. infections previously:
Jason,
To my knowledge all of my herps are doing fine with no s/s of any illness. I have been downsizing the collection allot. This was due to my pt status increasing in the Emergency Room that I work at and also because of the birth of my baby. I appologize if this has caused you any problems and I hope the female gets to feeling better. If it was me I would go to your local feed store and get a bovine med called Tylan 200 and with you being a Vet you will know what I mean. I have used Tylan 200 in the past and met with great results when it comes to RI s/s. Let me know how it goes.
Thanks,
Wyatt
Apr 2, 2008 10:05 PM
RE: sick snakes in texas
Wyatt has denied this from the beginning, he isn't going to accept responsibility. Tylan will not do anything -- we used every single antibiotic available to no avail. If you catch up on my journal, we ended up having to import Colombovac from Germany as it was proven to stop OPMV in collections in the UK. It is banned by the FDA here, but my vet was able to obtain a permit from the FDA to import it for this purpose. We just ordered another bottle so I can premptively vaccinate any new additions just as a precaution over the next year. He can get one for you as well (or I'm sure you can submit your own permit). I called Dr. Gordon's office today and had his tech leave him a note about your situation, and I'd like to get your number so I can have him give you a call. He can tell you what we've done this far and where we're at. Our lab samples all went to Dr. Elliot Jacobsen at the University of Florida, and he still has them.
The BOI is the Board of Inquiry -- where people post all transactions, good and bad, to prevent others from suffering the same fate. It also is almost like a court room, where bad guys get put on trial by their peers and feel the pressure to make things right. My virus situation was put on Wyatt's thread, as well as Mike's (the other guy who lost snakes because he recieved a sick one from Wyatt). The link I sent is the exact thread you need to post this situation on.
http://www.faunaclassifieds.com/forums/showthread.php?t=105621
Do you have an e-mail address we can communicate through? I hate MySpace messaging because I can't add links, pics, etc.
Jen
Apr 3, 2008 1:12 AM
RE: sick snakes in texas
Jennifer,
Thank you very much for your effort with your vet and the vaccine. I had hoped that I could obtain it. My email address is gentlepetcare@hotmail. com. My name is Dr. Jason Brodnik, P. O. Box 33293, Northglenn, CO, 80233, 303-903-6603
I posted a thread on the ball python forum inquiring as to any other victims, but it was removed by someone after about 30 minutes. The paramyxovirus titer I drew will be delivered to Florida. I have considered some antiviral drugs (interferon and acyclovir) but Dr. Mader didn't advise using them, but I may consider if all else fails. I would be very interested in hearing from your vet and the odds of obtaining the vaccine. Thanks again.
Apr 3, 2008 2:14 PM
RE: sick snakes in texas
He should be able to get it no problem.
[2nd paragraph omitted as it discusses a third party in an unrelated private matter] - Jen
This mess has to be posted on the BOI, not the ball python forums, because it is considered business discussion. That is why it was removed. You have to post it on the thread that I linked you to. I'll e-mail it to you, it may work better there.
I sincerely hope you don't lose as many animals as I did. This has been the most painful thing I've ever gone through. We had considered using Interferon as well, but then decided against it because it can be hard on their systems and they were already so weak. I'm going to call Dr. Gordon again today and give him your info, so he should give you a call.
From: [email protected]
To: [email protected]
Subject: RE: het pied
Date: Thu, 3 Apr 2008 15:19:48 -0500
Once again, just like he proved in the thread, he has no idea what he's talking about and pulls things out of his rear end. The 2 WC females I purchased were almost 1 full year before I got the het clown from him -- you can verify these dates by my posts on the forums he mentions. One died within 5 days of arrival from a regular bacterial RI that she was sick with before she got here, and the other was doing great, went on to lay her eggs, then feed, then I sold her and her babies. Neither of them were here within many months of me recieving his het clown, and neither were in my main collection whatsoever. They were not bought from a pet store, they were bought from Trey Bell, a well known importer who acknowledged that the one female was ill and still owes me a replacement. The rest of my collection was thriving -- feeding, breeding, doing just fine. Never had a sick snake in the 4 years I have kept them -- haven't even had a female not take to a male and fail to lay eggs -- they are all doing successfully well. The female snake that died AFTER his het clown arrived was a captive bred breeder female I'd had for months. She had been feeding and breeding 100% perfectly until the het clown arrived -- she then came down with the RI symptoms, we tried to treat her, and she subsequently died a week later. 2 days after she showed symptoms, the het clown became desperately ill as well. The het clown was never "feeding for weeks" -- she ate 2 rats 24 hours after arriving and then I noticed her symptoms. The symptoms very well could have been there from the day she arrived because I do not handle new acquisitions at all -- the bag is placed in the tub and they are allowed to crawl out on their own and I leave them be. Wyatt conveniently forgets to mention that he shipped the het clown via DHL, she was delayed in chilly Wisconsin September weather for 3 days inside a completely sealed box with no heat pack. This is all documented on the BOI with his tracking number results from DHL -- as is everything I stated above. As Dr. Jacobsen discusses in his report about OPMV, carrier snakes often had the virus brought on by exposure to cold. Wyatt wants to wonder why it has taken so long to get the blood tests back? Because the lab in Florida is swamped -- they've had the bodies since October, the euthanized sample snakes since January.
Anyway, all of the above and more is layed out on his BOI thread and has been for many months. I find it curious that if his het clown didn't cause my losses, then why is it that two more people who have bought snakes from him have since had respiratory deaths that do not respond to antibiotics?
~* Jen *~
RE: het pied
From: Dr. Jason Brodnik ([email protected])
Sent: Thu 4/03/08 3:35 PM
To: Jennifer Harrison ([email protected])
Thank you. Do you know who the other two are?
Dr. Jason Brodnik
Certified Level One Veterinary Laser Surgeon
International Veterinary Academy of Pain Management
P.O. Box 33293
Northglenn, CO 80233
303-903-6603
RE: het pied
From: Jennifer Harrison ([email protected])
Sent: Thu 4/03/08 5:00 PM
To: Dr. Jason Brodnik ([email protected])
You and Michael Ogburn (he posted his experience on the thread).
~* Jen *~
P.S.
From: Jennifer Harrison ([email protected])
Sent: Thu 4/03/08 6:18 PM
To: Dr. Jason Brodnik ([email protected])
OK, I spoke to Dr. Gordon just now and gave him your info. He's going to give you a call tonight. The last communication he got from Elliot Jacobsen was from March 17th and that there was no reaction to a paramyxo test but strong reaction to a reovirus test -- so they're pursuing that. Elliot feels that this is a whole new ball game because reoviruses rarely present respiratory problems so this may be something new or mutated and he has to do more tests. He said not to tell me anything until he knew more, but Mark knows I'm dying over here waiting to find something out. The consensus is that because it isn't OPMV, the vaccine didn't do squat and the snakes I have left had a stronger immune system and were for whatever reason would have lived through it regardless. The problem is, there is no way to know if and which ones are still carrying it, therefore I can't bring anything new in any more (unless we find out differently). My breeding business is shot and my collection is done for.
If this all gets nailed down, I am suing theout of that scumbag in Texas.
~* Jen *~
RE: P.S.
From: Dr. Jason Brodnik ([email protected])
Sent: Fri 4/04/08 12:56 AM
To: Jennifer Harrison ([email protected])
Thank you. I found this online and found it interesting, that the reovirus is spread through fluids. The other snake I have that's sick shared a water bowl. Unlike this article, though, high dose baytril injections have not proved effective. The culture so far shows pseudomonas, sensitivity still pending. I will start amikacin for the pseudomonas unless culture says otherwise. I think I will try acyclovir orally with force watering. I have nothing to lose. I am encouraged, however, that the one snake is now approaching her 4th week. Antibody formation seems to take 6-8 weeks, so she may improve in another 2-3 weeks with support. I am interesting in talking with your vet, he was kind enough to call tonight but I missed his call, so hopefully I can hook up with him tomorrow. I'll let you know how it goes.
http://www.smuggled.com/OPMV17.htm
Dr. Jason Brodnik
Certified Level One Veterinary Laser Surgeon
International Veterinary Academy of Pain Management
P.O. Box 33293
Northglenn, CO 80233
303-903-6603
RE: P.S.
From: Jennifer Harrison ([email protected])
Sent: Fri 4/04/08 6:08 AM
To: Dr. Jason Brodnik ([email protected])
It will most likely come back as Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, which is the secondary infection all of mine got after coming down with the virus. We tried double treatments with Ceftazidime (Tazicef) and Doxycycline together as a last resort, as those medications separately didn't help -- neither did Tylan, Baytril, Amikacin, oral Ciprofloxacin, or Fortaz. Together, they seemed to improve the symptoms, but the animals had to fight it on their own in the end. In all 12 snakes that I lost, each one took a different amount of time to die after first showing symtoms. Some lasted 24-48 hours, some lasted 10 days, some lasted 2 months before finally giving up. It reached everyone differently, which is why Dr. Gordon is so sure that the het clown from Wyatt was the carrier -- the female that got sick first had a weak immune system for whatever reason and was susceptible.
Have you noticed any mites anywhere on the snake you got from Wyatt or the snake that ended up ill with him? That is the big thing Dr. Gordon and I were looking at. I have never had a single mite in my collection in 4 years -- and when this virus popped up I started obsessively checking for them (my animals are kept on unprinted newspaper, so they should be easy to spot). I never found anything. Nothing fell off the dead bodies either when I removed them from the tubs. But yet when Dr. Gordon euthanized the two females for fresh samples, he said 3-4 mites fell off each one. I don't know how they appeared, but then I had to take that into consideration for mode of spread. BUT -- I don't see how one could have made it in 24 hours from the het clown who was secluded in a solitary rack across the room from my collection to the female that showed symptoms and died first, immediately effecting her in that time frame as well. That just doesn't seem feasible, especially considering that I didn't handle either of them and the room is closed, so no one else and no cats go in there. That's why we started looking at it as most likely airborne. They are all fed live rats, so no shared tools -- they all have separate water bowls that are disposable plastic cups and I toss them weekly and supply new ones -- I am a germaphobe (I work in health care) and wear latex gloves for any kind of action in the snake room, changing them between each and every snake/tub and sanitizing with hand sanitizer...I am just baffled by what happened.
According to that article, an EM test can be done to determine with certaintly what this is? How costly are they? Right now I have a giant bill already racked up with Dr. Jacobson that he understands will have to be paid over time, but money is not an object when it comes to nailing this crap down that has passed through people's collections with no one giving a single care in the world. Are the tests able to be done on living animals (I know the article mentioned that it was hard because of the tissues required)?
What about vertical transmission? I have 17 eggs in the incubator right now, which Dr. Gordon felt the babies should be just fine, but now with the new developments I'm not so sure.
What are the odds that my remaining animals (ball python and non-ball python) are now carriers and I have to euthanize them all or just quit this hobby?
~* Jen *~
RE: P.S.
From: Dr. Jason Brodnik ([email protected])
Sent: Fri 4/04/08 10:47 AM
To: Jennifer Harrison ([email protected])
For the reovirus, apparently the eggs will be fine. When I receive new snakes, I soak them in warm water for 30 minutes to an hour, if they have any mites I would see them. It doesn't kill all of them, but some of them will dislodge and be more visible. No, I have never had any mites. I suspect yours were a secondary, opportunistic infection. I'll let you know the results of my culture and sensitivity. I will call your doctor today, thanks!
Dr. Jason Brodnik
Certified Level One Veterinary Laser Surgeon
International Veterinary Academy of Pain Management
P.O. Box 33293
Northglenn, CO 80233
303-903-6603
RE: P.S.
From: Dr. Jason Brodnik ([email protected])
Sent: Tue 4/08/08 11:55 AM
To: Jennifer Harrison ([email protected])
I haven't received the titer back yet, but the culture was P. Aeruginosa, and resistant to Baytril and Cefazolin which is what I was giving. Also resistant to Naxcel, Clavamox, Doxy, Orbifloxacin, Tetracycline, Trimethaprin and Claforan. I'll have to use a 3rd generation cephalosporin (Ceftazidine) and Amikacin. Was resistant to 10/13 antibiotics.
Dr. Jason Brodnik
Certified Level One Veterinary Laser Surgeon
International Veterinary Academy of Pain Management
P.O. Box 33293
Northglenn, CO 80233
303-903-6603
RE: P.S.
From: Jennifer Harrison ([email protected])
Sent: Tue 4/08/08 12:18 PM
To: Dr. Jason Brodnik ([email protected])
Same exact issue we had. Is it just the two snakes that are sick? How bad are they?
I saw that you hadn't posted any of this on the BOI yet -- would you mind if I posted our e-mail messages?
~* Jen *~
RE: P.S.
From: Dr. Jason Brodnik ([email protected])
Sent: Tue 4/08/08 2:05 PM
To: Jennifer Harrison ([email protected])
No, I don't mind at all.
Dr. Jason Brodnik
Certified Level One Veterinary Laser Surgeon
International Veterinary Academy of Pain Management
P.O. Box 33293
Northglenn, CO 80233
303-903-6603